ABSTRACT
The histological changes of the liver in ewes with pregnancy toxemia were characterized. Ten ewes were fed on grass ad libitum, and another ten were starved from day 130 of pregnancy for up to four days. Liver puncture biopsies were performed at days 70, 100, 130, and 140 of pregnancy, and at day 45 in postpartum. Seric hydroxybutyrate (HB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were dosed. Histological preparations revealed similar incidence and intensity of mild liver steatosis in both groups at day 130. Starved ewes become toxemic (as indicated by HB), and at day 140 exhibited more severe injury in a higher proportion (9/9 vs. 4/10; P<0.01). Almost all of them (7/9) had large amounts of small lipid droplets in almost every hepatocyte over the whole liver acinus, and higher NEFA values. At day 45 in postpartum, both groups had mild steatotic changes as initially. A positive correlation between severity of liver damage seric and only aspartate aminotransferase was observed at day 140 in starved animals (P<0.05). This enzyme could be used to assess liver damage, but not alkaline phosphatase. All samples with degeneration corresponded to the microvesicular type. A short starvation period during late pregnancy in ewes produced reversible liver degeneration.
Caraterizaram-se histologicamente as alterações do fígado de ovelhas com toxemia da prenhez. Dez ovelhas foram mantidas em pasto ad libitum, e outras 10 submetidas a jejum a partir do 130º dia de gestação, por até quatro dias. Biopsias hepáticas foram realizadas aos 70, 100, 130 e 140 dias de gestação e, aos 45 dias pós-parto. Níveis séricos de hydroxibutirato, ácidos graxos não esterificados (NEFA), aspartato aminotransferase e fosfatase alcalina foram determinados. O estudo histológico revelou extensão semelhantes de degeneração nos dois grupos no 130º dia de gestação. No 140º dia de gestação, alta proporção de animais submetidos ao jejum, apresentou intensa degeneração no fígado (9/9 vs. 4/10; P<0,01) e, desses, quase todos 7/9 tinham grande quantidade de pequenas gotas de lipídios em quase todos os hepatócitos, nas diferentes regiões do ácino, além de níveis séricos mais elevados de NEFA. Quarenta e cinco dias pós-parto, os animais dos dois grupos apresentaram degeneração discreta, como no início. No 140º dia de gestação, verificou-se correlação positiva entre a severidade das lesões histológicas e a enzima aspartato aminotransferase, nos animais submetidos a jejum (P<0.05). Todas as amostras com degeneração corresponderam ao tipo microvesicular. Um curto período de jejum, na fase final da gestação da ovelha produz degeneração hepática reversível.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Liver/anatomy & histology , Metabolism , Pre-Eclampsia/veterinary , SheepABSTRACT
Los trabajadores de la salud (TS) tienen riesgo de desarrollar alergia al látex, lo que está respaldado por múltiples publicaciones. OBJETIVOS: Establecer prevalencia de sensibilización y alergia a látex en TS del Hospital del Trabajador Santiago (HTS) y determinar factores de riesgo asociados. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 157 TS con encuesta sobre atopia, tiempo y Los trabajadores de la salud (TS) tienen riesgo de desarrollar alergia al látex, lo que está respaldado por múltiples publicaciones. OBJETIVOS: Establecer prevalencia de sensibilización y alergia a látex en TS del Hospital del Trabajador Santiago (HTS) y determinar factores de riesgo asociados. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 157 TS con encuesta sobre atopia, tiempo y síntomas con exposición a látex. Se efectuaron prick test con aeroalergenos, látex y frutas (Leti, España), látex amoniacado, prick in prick con guantes de látex y test de parche con látex y aditivos (Trolab, Alemania). RESULTADOS: La sensibilización a látex fue de 13,4por ciento (n=21). Hubo diferencia significativa entre sensibilizados y no sensibilizados en: presencia de atopia (p<0,001), sensibilización a frutas (p<0,001) y presencia de urticaria de contacto (p<0,001). Tres TS de los 19 examinados presentaron test de parche positivo. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de sensibilización a látex es menor a la encontrada en otro estudio nacional realizado por nuestro grupo. La atopia y la sensibilización a frutas tropicales parecen importantes factores para el desarrollo de alergia al látex en la población estudiada.
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Humans , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact , Health Personnel , Latex Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Latex/toxicity , Chile , Hospitals , Occupational Diseases , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Toxicity Tests, ChronicABSTRACT
Background: Health care workers (HCW) are a high risk group for developing natural rubber latex (NRL) hypersensitivity and allergy. Some studies showed a correlation between time and frequency of exposure to NRL gloves and hypersensitivity, but a recent meta-analysis showed no clear evidences for such assumption. Aim: To determine the prevalence of NRL hypersensitivity and allergy in a group of HCW at the University of Chile Clinical Hospital. Materials and Methods: Ninety five HCW (aged 37±10 years, 59 females) were interviewed about time of exposure, atopic diseases and latex-related allergy symptoms. Different NRL extracts and seven NRL gloves brands were tested by the prick test method. Results: Twenty four workers (25%, 95% CI = 16.9%-35.2%) were sensitized. No gender differences were found. No symptomatic cases were found in the sensitized group. In the workplace, six and two non sensitized subjects had respiratory symptoms or contact urticaria, respectively. Sensitivity to bananas, avocadoes, kiwi and chestnut was not significantly more common among latex sensitive individuals. No differences between sensitized and non sensitized subjects were observed for the presence of atopic diseases or the mean number of years at the workplace. The sensitization rate to NRL increased along with years of work, from 18.6% in patients working less than 10 years, to 28.1% in the group between 10 and 20 years and to 35% in those working more than 21 years (p=0.693). Sensitization was also related to the weekly hours of exposure: 1-10 hours, 17%; 11-20 hours, 23.5%; 21-30 hours, 50% and 31-40 hours, 28.5% (p=0.036). Conclusions: Sensitization increased proportionally to the years and weekly hours wearing NLR gloves. We did not find symptomatic patients in the sensitized group.